Experts reveal that Prime Minister Mark Carney’s plan to reduce immigration faces significant challenges due to the systematic undercounting of temporary residents. The government’s target to limit temporary workers and international students to 5% of Canada’s population by 2027 may not effectively address housing and infrastructure pressures, as current population estimates fail to accurately track non-permanent residents who remain in the country after their visa expiration. This discrepancy, combined with an estimated 600,000 undocumented migrants, poses profound implications for policy effectiveness and resource planning, according to leading economists, including CIBC’s deputy chief economist Benjamin Tal.